Singer M V, Vesper J
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1979 Oct 13;109(39):1454-60.
The literature relating to the effect of atropine on exocrine pancreatic secretion in man and animals is critically reviewed. In most species basal secretion of volume, bicarbonate, and enzyme secretion are reduced by atropine, thus indicating some neural control of basal pancreatic secretion. The literature is replete with conflicting findings on the effect of atropine on pancreatic response to exogenous hormones. In well controlled studies atropine had no effect on the action of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK) or caerulein on the pancreas. Atropine either moderately depressed or did not alter the volume and bicarbonate response to secretin but constantly reduced enzyme secretion. With respect to pancreatic response to a meal, and to intestinal instillation of aminoacids, fat or HCL, all studies agree that pancreatic secretion is depressed by atropine. The recent finding that atropine did not alter the response of a transplanted denervated pancreas to intestinal stimulants suggests that atropine acts on the pancreas by interrupting an enteropancreatic vago-vagal reflex and not by blocking the action of hormones on the pancreas or by interfering with cholinergic facilitation of gastrointestinal hormone release.
对有关阿托品对人和动物胰腺外分泌影响的文献进行了批判性综述。在大多数物种中，阿托品可减少基础状态下的液体分泌量、碳酸氢盐分泌量和酶分泌量，这表明基础胰腺分泌受某种神经控制。关于阿托品对胰腺对外源激素反应的影响，文献中有许多相互矛盾的研究结果。在控制良好的研究中，阿托品对胆囊收缩素 - 促胰酶素（CCK）或蛙皮素对胰腺的作用没有影响。阿托品要么适度抑制，要么不改变对促胰液素的液体量和碳酸氢盐反应，但持续减少酶分泌。关于胰腺对进食以及对肠道内注入氨基酸、脂肪或盐酸的反应，所有研究都一致认为阿托品会抑制胰腺分泌。最近的研究发现，阿托品不会改变移植的去神经支配胰腺对肠道刺激物的反应，这表明阿托品作用于胰腺是通过中断肠 - 胰腺迷走 - 迷走反射，而不是通过阻断激素对胰腺的作用或干扰胆碱能对胃肠激素释放的促进作用。
