风疹作为一种致畸剂。

Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1971 Feb;7(1):64-71.

The clinical, epidemiologic and laboratory information available in the Johns Hopkins Rubella Study forms the basis for discussion of the pathogenesis of congenital rubella, the varied clinical characteristics of the phenotype and the substantial risk of fetal loss and abnormality when maternal rubella occurs in the first half of pregnancy.

约翰·霍普金斯风疹研究中提供的临床、流行病学和实验室信息，构成了讨论先天性风疹发病机制、该表型多样的临床特征以及孕期前半段发生母体风疹时胎儿丢失和异常的重大风险的基础。