Lewis J E, Chernesky M A, Rawls M L, Rawls W E
Can Med Assoc J. 1979 Sep 22;121(6):751-4.
The incidence of mumps in vaccinated and nonvaccinated schoolchildren was studied after a recent epidemic. Information was collected by telephone interviews with the parents and a review of the physicians' records. The vaccine appeared to be effective, for the incidence of mumps in the 145 vaccinated children--5.5%, or 8 cases--was significantly less (P less than 0.001) than the incidence in the 350 children considered susceptible to infection--21.7%, or 76 cases. The percentage of children who had been immunized decreased with increasing age, and acquisition of immunity through natural infection had the reverse trend; thus, the proportions of children susceptible to infection in each age group were about the same, and the age-specific attack rates were similar. Although the mothers were accurate in indicating absence of vaccination, they incorrectly indicated vaccination of their children 43.0% of the time; this error in reporting could influence vaccine administration in older children. Our findings suggest that mumps vaccination may substitute for natural illness in immunizing populations, and that more extensive use of the vaccine over a broader age range is required to prevent similar epidemics in the future.
在最近一次腮腺炎流行过后，对已接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的学童中腮腺炎的发病率进行了研究。通过与家长进行电话访谈并查阅医生记录来收集信息。疫苗似乎是有效的，因为145名接种疫苗儿童中的腮腺炎发病率——5.5%，即8例——显著低于（P<0.001）350名被认为易感染儿童中的发病率——21.7%，即76例。已免疫儿童的比例随着年龄增长而下降，而通过自然感染获得免疫力的情况则呈相反趋势；因此，各年龄组中易感染儿童的比例大致相同，且年龄特异性发病率相似。尽管母亲们在表明孩子未接种疫苗方面是准确的，但她们有43.0%的时间错误地表明孩子已接种疫苗；这种报告错误可能会影响大龄儿童的疫苗接种管理。我们的研究结果表明，腮腺炎疫苗接种在人群免疫方面可能替代自然感染患病，并且需要在更广泛的年龄范围内更广泛地使用该疫苗，以预防未来类似的流行。
