Daum R, Schütze U, Hill E, Hoffmann H
Prog Pediatr Surg. 1979;13:267-71.
Within a period of 15 years 649 neonates were subjected to laparotomy; 60 (9%) of these patients died. Eighty-seven of the patients had a peritonitis already preoperatively without intestinal obstruction. Many of these were cases of ruptured omphaloceles or gastroschisis. In 17 infants a spontaneous intestinal perforation was the cause of the peritonitis. In 13 there was a preexisting meconium peritonitis. Seven children suffered from gangrenous intestine. Further causes for preoperative peritonitis were a complicated enteritis in 7 and a perforated appendix in 2 cases. Twenty-five or 29% of the children died. The highest mortality was found in children with ruptured omphalocele. It was 50% followed by gastroschisis with 36%. The mortality in patients with spontaneous intestinal perforation was rather similar, and the same high fatality rate was observed in infants with gangrenous intestine. In 28% of the children no cause for the peritonitis could be discovered. The high mortality rate is primarily due to the infants' bad general condition, i.e., low birth weight, prematurity and additional severe malformations.
在15年的时间里，649名新生儿接受了剖腹手术；其中60例（9%）死亡。87例患者术前即患有腹膜炎但无肠梗阻。其中许多是脐膨出或腹裂破裂的病例。17例婴儿因自发性肠穿孔导致腹膜炎。13例存在胎粪性腹膜炎。7名儿童患有坏疽性肠病。术前腹膜炎的其他原因包括7例复杂性肠炎和2例阑尾穿孔。25名儿童（占29%）死亡。脐膨出破裂的儿童死亡率最高，为50%，其次是腹裂，为36%。自发性肠穿孔患者的死亡率相当相似，坏疽性肠病婴儿的死亡率也很高。28%的儿童腹膜炎病因不明。高死亡率主要是由于婴儿一般状况不佳，即低出生体重、早产和其他严重畸形。
