Anderson W W
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Sep;64(1):190-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.64.1.190.
An algebraic model is presented for selection by the mating advantage of rare genotypes. In accordance with the results of recent experiments, the selective advantage is formulated as inversely proportional to genotype frequency. The model applies to any number of alleles at an autosomal locus or at a sex-linked locus, and it provides for a different intensity of selection for each genotype in each sex. The frequency of an allele under this selection proceeds to a stable, nontrivial equilibrium when any one of the genotypes carrying the allele and any one of those carrying another allele possess some degree of the advantage which varies inversely with genotype frequency. The changes in gene frequency are not affected by the mating system, being, for instance, the same with random mating as with inbreeding. With low values for the selection parameters, genetic polymorphisms could be maintained with little selection apparent except at rather low or rather high gene frequencies. The rare genotype advantage may be a significant element among the mechanisms which maintain the extensive genetic polymorphisms of natural populations.
提出了一个代数模型，用于研究稀有基因型的交配优势选择。根据最近的实验结果，选择优势被设定为与基因型频率成反比。该模型适用于常染色体位点或性连锁位点上的任意数量等位基因，并为每种性别中的每种基因型提供不同的选择强度。当携带该等位基因的任何一种基因型与携带另一个等位基因的任何一种基因型具有某种程度的优势（该优势与基因型频率成反比）时，在这种选择下，等位基因的频率会趋向于一个稳定的、非平凡的平衡状态。基因频率的变化不受交配系统的影响，例如，随机交配和近亲繁殖时的基因频率变化是相同的。当选择参数值较低时，除了在相当低或相当高的基因频率下，几乎没有明显的选择作用，遗传多态性也能得以维持。稀有基因型优势可能是维持自然种群广泛遗传多态性的机制中的一个重要因素。
