Withey J R, Collins P G
J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1979 Jul-Aug;2(6):1329-42.
Exposures (5 hr) of individual rats to atmospheres having styrene concentrations of from 50 to 2,000 ppm yield uptake blood profiles which show a continued and increasing absorption of styrene, proportional to the styrene atmospheric concentration, over the entire absorption period. Post-exposure elimination follows a dose-dependent two compartment model, similar to that observed after I.V. administration, although the initial stage of the elimination is more rapid and the terminal stage much slower than is observed in the I.V. case. A two-compartment pharmacokinetic model, with zeroth-order input, is proposed to interpret the uptake kinetics. Tissue concentrations of styrene in the heart, liver, lung, kidney, spleen, brain and perirenal fat show a different pattern of distribution as the dose increases. At all exposure concentrations the concentration of styrene in the perirenal fat is ten times that in any organ. At the lowest exposure concentration the kidney registered the highest concentration while a higher level of styrene is found in the liver, brain and kidney as the exposure level increases and for these tissues the concentration of styrene is always greater than that in the blood.
将个体大鼠暴露于苯乙烯浓度为50至2000 ppm的大气中5小时，所得到的血液摄取情况显示，在整个吸收期内，苯乙烯的吸收持续增加，且与大气中苯乙烯浓度成正比。暴露后消除遵循剂量依赖性二室模型，类似于静脉注射后观察到的情况，尽管消除的初始阶段更快，而终末阶段比静脉注射情况下慢得多。提出了一个具有零级输入的二室药代动力学模型来解释摄取动力学。随着剂量增加，心脏、肝脏、肺、肾脏、脾脏、大脑和肾周脂肪中的苯乙烯组织浓度呈现出不同的分布模式。在所有暴露浓度下，肾周脂肪中的苯乙烯浓度是任何器官中苯乙烯浓度的十倍。在最低暴露浓度下，肾脏中的浓度最高，而随着暴露水平增加，肝脏、大脑和肾脏中的苯乙烯水平更高，并且对于这些组织，苯乙烯浓度始终高于血液中的浓度。
