Kagan A, Aurell E, Tibblin G
Bull World Health Organ. 1967;36(2):231-41.
Signs in the fundus oculi, long regarded as prognostic in hypertensive disease, have been shown to be subject to gross observer error and bias when assessed in conventional ways. The authors describe unconventional ways of assessing diminution of vascularity in a population sample of men aged 50 and also in a group of hospital patients.They show that a method simple enough to be learnt by a schoolboy in 20 minutes gives information that is more precise and less biased than data obtained by more conventional means. Standards can be prepared and the information is quantitative.The unconventional data are closely related to the level of hypertension. Some anomalies in the data, possible ways of improving them and ways of testing their relation to prognosis are discussed.
长期以来被视为高血压疾病预后指标的眼底体征，经证实，采用传统方法评估时极易出现严重的观察者误差和偏差。作者描述了在50岁男性人群样本以及一组住院患者中评估血管减少的非常规方法。他们表明，一种简单到一个小学生20分钟就能学会的方法所提供的信息，比通过更传统方法获得的数据更精确且偏差更小。可以制定标准，并且该信息是定量的。非常规数据与高血压水平密切相关。文中讨论了数据中的一些异常情况、改进这些异常情况的可能方法以及测试它们与预后关系的方法。
