Jouppila P
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1979;58(5):461-7. doi: 10.3109/00016347909154068.
Ninety-seven cases of vaginal bleeding during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy are presented with special reference to the follow-up observations and perinatal parameters after the first bleeding and ultrasonic determination of placental site. The perinatal mortality rate was 11 per cent and the rate of premature deliveries 23 per cent. In the cases of recurrent bleeding episodes (N = 33), the corresponding frequencies were 22 and 35 per cent. Placenta previa of some degree was diagnosed by ultrasound during the first episode of bleeding in 36 cases. Although the placenta was observed to "move" upwards from the internal os of cervix in 20 of these patients during the last few weeks of pregnancy, final placenta previa (N = 16) was the most common definite etiological factor behind the bleeding. The high frequency of perinatal complications associated with these pregnancies emphasizes, despite reliable localization of the placenta, the importance of a careful follow-up until delivery.
本文报告了97例妊娠中晚期阴道出血病例，特别提及首次出血后的随访观察、围产期参数以及胎盘位置的超声测定。围产儿死亡率为11%，早产率为23%。在反复出血的病例（n = 33）中，相应的频率分别为22%和35%。在首次出血时，超声诊断出36例有某种程度的前置胎盘。尽管在这些患者中，有20例在妊娠最后几周观察到胎盘从宫颈内口“上移”，但最终的前置胎盘（n = 16）是出血最常见的确切病因。尽管胎盘定位可靠，但这些妊娠相关围产期并发症的高发生率强调了直至分娩进行仔细随访的重要性。
