Human lung homotransplantation.

Left lung homotransplantation was performed in a 31-year-old man in terminal irreversible respiratory failure due to advanced silicosis. Within 10 minutes of completion of transplantation, arterial pO(2) rose from 52 to 211 mm. Hg, pCO(2) dropped from 90 to 43 mm. Hg, and pH rose from 7.15 to 7.42. On assisted ventilation, arterial O(2) tension was maintained within normal limits for the first four days. Thereafter, arterio-alveolar difference for O(2) increased to 300 mm. and that for CO(2) to 25 mm. Xenon-133 ventilation perfusion ratios confirmed differences between the two lungs. Terminally, bronchopneumonia and hypoxemia were present. Surfactant content of the lung was within normal limits. Postmortem examination revealed bronchopneumonia, bronchial infarction, lymphatic engorgement and mild rejection. Future efforts should emphasize selection of non-infected donors, minimal reliance on steroids for immunosuppression, cardiopulmonary bypass during transplantation, and more definite criteria for rejection.