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蛋白质生物合成中的问题。

Problems in protein biosynthesis.

作者信息

Lengyel P

出版信息

J Gen Physiol. 1966 Jul;49(6):305-30. doi: 10.1085/jgp.49.6.305.

DOI:10.1085/jgp.49.6.305
PMID:5338560
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2195538/
Abstract

Outline of the steps in protein synthesis. Nature of the genetic code. The use of synthetic oligo- and polynucleotides in deciphering the code. Structure of the code: relatedness of synonym codons. The wobble hypothesis. Chain initiation and N-formyl-methionine. Chain termination and nonsense codons. Mistakes in translation: ambiguity in vitro. Suppressor mutations resulting in ambiguity. Limitations in the universality of the code. Attempts to determine the particular codons used by a species. Mechanisms of suppression, caused by (a) abnormal aminoacyl-tRNA, (b) ribosomal malfunction. Effect of streptomycin. The problem of "reading" a nucleic acid template. Different ribosomal mutants and DNA polymerase mutants might cause different mistakes. The possibility of involvement of allosteric proteins in template reading.

摘要

蛋白质合成步骤概述。遗传密码的性质。合成寡核苷酸和多核苷酸在破译密码中的应用。密码结构：同义密码子的相关性。摆动假说。链起始与N-甲酰甲硫氨酸。链终止与无义密码子。翻译中的错误：体外的模糊性。导致模糊性的抑制基因突变。密码通用性的局限性。确定一个物种所使用的特定密码子的尝试。由（a）异常氨酰tRNA、（b）核糖体功能异常引起的抑制机制。链霉素的作用。“读取”核酸模板的问题。不同的核糖体突变体和DNA聚合酶突变体可能导致不同的错误。变构蛋白参与模板读取的可能性。

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