犬唾液腺肌上皮细胞的药理学

Pressure changes in the submaxillary and parotid ducts of dogs, induced by nerve stimulation or intravenous injection of drugs, were studied.2. Pressure rises could be elicited by parasympathetic stimulation and by acetylcholine and methacholine, even when no secretion was evoked. These effects were abolished by atropine.3. Similarly, sympathetic stimulation, adrenaline, noradrenaline and phenylephrine raised the pressure in both glands, also in the absence of secretion. Dihydroergotamine abolished these effects. Isoprenaline increased the pressure in the submaxillary duct, but only when it caused secretion. This effect was abolished by propranolol. In the parotid gland isoprenaline caused neither secretion nor pressure rise. It is concluded that the myoepithelial cells of the two glands are supplied with alpha-adrenoceptors.4. Doses of histamine, bradykinin, kallidin and physalaemin which caused no salivary secretion raised the duct pressure even when dihydroergotamine, propranolol and atropine had been given.5. Angiotensin and 5-hydroxytryptamine increased the pressure only in some experiments. Oxytocin caused very little or no pressure rise. Vasopressin had no effect of its own but reduced the pressure raising effects of nerve stimulation or drugs.

研究了神经刺激或静脉注射药物引起的犬颌下腺和腮腺导管内的压力变化。
即使未引起分泌，副交感神经刺激以及乙酰胆碱和醋甲胆碱也可引起压力升高。这些作用可被阿托品消除。
同样，交感神经刺激、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和去氧肾上腺素也会使两个腺体的压力升高，且同样是在无分泌的情况下。双氢麦角胺可消除这些作用。异丙肾上腺素可使颌下腺导管压力升高，但仅在引起分泌时才会如此。这种作用可被普萘洛尔消除。在腮腺中，异丙肾上腺素既不引起分泌也不导致压力升高。由此得出结论，这两个腺体的肌上皮细胞具有α - 肾上腺素能受体。
即使已给予双氢麦角胺、普萘洛尔和阿托品，引起无唾液分泌的组胺、缓激肽、胰激肽和 Physalaemin 的剂量仍可升高导管压力。
血管紧张素和 5 - 羟色胺仅在某些实验中增加压力。催产素引起的压力升高很小或没有。血管加压素本身无作用，但可降低神经刺激或药物引起的压力升高作用。

The pharmacology of salivary myoepithelial cells in dogs.