Tobin G, Mirfendereski S, Ahström T, Ekström J
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Acta Physiol Scand. 1995 Mar;153(3):231-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1995.tb09858.x.
Electrical stimulation of the sympathetic innervation evoked secretion of submandibular and parotid saliva. By changing the mode of stimulation from a continuous to an intermittent one the fluid response increased and glandular blood flow improved. The volumes from the submandibular glands were larger than those from the parotid glands and further, the protein concentration of submandibular saliva was higher than that of parotid saliva. Adrenaline, isoprenaline and phenylephrine evoked larger fluid responses from submandibular than from parotid glands. However, the fluid response was small compared to the parasympathetic one. Substance P-evoked saliva was used as carrier for protein released by sympathetic nerve stimulation or administration of adrenaline and isoprenaline. In vitro tissues of submandibular and parotid glands responded to adrenaline with a dose-dependent release of protein. Taken together, the analytical pharmacology performed in vivo and in vitro, and including the antagonists phentolamine, dihydroergotamine, propranolol and metoprolol, showed that in submandibular glands, alpha(alpha 1)adrenoceptors were predominantly involved in fluid secretion and beta(beta 1)-adrenoceptors predominantly involved in protein secretion. In parotid glands, fluid secretion seemed solely to depend on alpha(alpha 1)-adrenoceptors, while beta(beta 1)-adrenoceptors seemed almost solely involved in protein secretion.
对交感神经支配进行电刺激可诱发颌下腺和腮腺分泌唾液。将刺激模式从连续刺激改为间歇刺激后，液体分泌反应增强，腺体血流改善。颌下腺分泌的液体量大于腮腺，而且颌下腺唾液的蛋白质浓度高于腮腺唾液。肾上腺素、异丙肾上腺素和去氧肾上腺素诱发的颌下腺液体分泌反应大于腮腺。然而，与副交感神经诱发的反应相比，该液体分泌反应较小。P物质诱发的唾液被用作交感神经刺激或给予肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素所释放蛋白质的载体。颌下腺和腮腺的体外组织对肾上腺素的反应是蛋白质呈剂量依赖性释放。综合体内和体外进行的分析药理学研究，包括使用拮抗剂酚妥拉明、双氢麦角胺、普萘洛尔和美托洛尔，结果表明，在颌下腺中，α（α1）肾上腺素能受体主要参与液体分泌，β（β1）肾上腺素能受体主要参与蛋白质分泌。在腮腺中，液体分泌似乎仅取决于α（α1）肾上腺素能受体，而β（β1）肾上腺素能受体似乎几乎仅参与蛋白质分泌。
