Kneist W, Spangenberg B
Arztl Jugendkd. 1979 Apr;70(2):119-26.
Infants especially of about 1 to 4 years of age are opposed to an unknown environment and to unusual demands when they are admissed to hospital. Literature informes about some characteristic troubles during the first time of adaptation. In addition to those kinds of transitory adaptional difficulties, physical and mental retardation of development may appear when infants become long-time patients. The socalled psychic hospitalism has to be valued as a sign of underprotection and differs from adaptional troubles as a symptom of full strain. The survey shows adequate measures how physicians and nurses may deal with both of the problems in order to ease adaptation and to prevent psychic hospitalism.
尤其是1至4岁左右的婴幼儿，在入院时会对陌生环境和异常要求产生抵触情绪。文献报道了适应初期的一些典型问题。除了这些短暂的适应困难外，婴幼儿长期住院时可能会出现身心发育迟缓。所谓的精神性住院症必须被视为保护不足的一种表现，它与作为过度压力症状的适应问题有所不同。该调查展示了医生和护士可以如何采取适当措施来应对这两个问题，以缓解适应过程并预防精神性住院症。
