Voorhoeve A M, Muller A S, W'oigo H
Trop Geogr Med. 1979 Dec;31(4):607-27.
The outcome of pregnancy of all women belonging to the study population of the Machakos project studies who delivered during 1975 and 1976 is presented. The birth-rate was 43.0 per 1,000 population per year, the fertility rate was 235 per 1,000 women 15--44 years of age per year. Unexpected low mortality rates were found; stillbirths, neonatal and infant death rates were respectively 29.8 per 1,000 total births and 22.5 and 50.0 per 1,000 live births. One maternal death occurred among the 2,223 deliveries. Maternal age of less than 25 and over 34 years, a history of previous perinatal death and breech delivery were associated with higher perinatal mortality. Parity, marital status, birth-interval and maternal height were not associated with a difference in outcome of pregnancy. The stillbirth rate among the children born in hospital (26.4%) was 4.4% compared with 2.4% among the children born at home, neonatal and infant death rates were the same. Half of all perinatal deaths were caused by either prematurity or birth trauma, 75% of all infant deaths after the first week of life were caused by infections.
本文呈现了1975年至1976年期间分娩的马查科斯项目研究中所有女性的妊娠结局。出生率为每年每1000人中有43.0例，生育率为每年每1000名15至44岁女性中有235例。发现死亡率意外较低；死产率、新生儿死亡率和婴儿死亡率分别为每1000例总出生数中有29.8例、每1000例活产中有22.5例和50.0例。在2223例分娩中发生了1例孕产妇死亡。年龄小于25岁和大于34岁、既往有围产期死亡史以及臀位分娩与较高的围产期死亡率相关。产次、婚姻状况、生育间隔和孕产妇身高与妊娠结局差异无关。在医院出生的儿童死产率（26.4%）比在家中出生的儿童（2.4%）高4.4%，新生儿死亡率和婴儿死亡率相同。所有围产期死亡中有一半是由早产或产伤导致的，出生后第一周后的所有婴儿死亡中有75%是由感染导致的。
