Tsou K C, Giles B, Kohn G
Stain Technol. 1975 Sep;50(5):293-5. doi: 10.3109/10520297509117077.
A comparative study of the staining characteristics of four reagents for human chromosomes has been carried out. The four reagents are: (I) quinacrine mustard, as an alkylating agent, (II) the dihydroxy derivative of quinacrine mustard, (III) quinacrine, and (IV) 9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine. The last reagent does not possess the amino substituted side chain even though it has the same intercalating nucleus. Comparison of the first three compounds in their staining and banding behavior suggested the initial step leading to banding may be the displacement of the nucleoprotein sites in hcromosomes. The Q and G banding could be blocked experimentally by treating the chromosome preparation with dimethylamine solution. This result may suggest that these sites have weaker basic proteins (nonhistone proteins?). The use of compound IV, which does not have the side chain in the molecule but does have the same intercalating chromophore, did not lead to banding and gives indirect support to this hypothesis. A combined use of compound IV and quinacrine may be useful for the determination of total DNA vs. banding DNA.
对四种人类染色体染色试剂的染色特性进行了比较研究。这四种试剂分别是：（I）喹吖因氮芥，作为一种烷基化剂；（II）喹吖因氮芥的二羟基衍生物；（III）喹吖因；以及（IV）9-氨基-6-氯-2-甲氧基吖啶。最后一种试剂虽然具有相同的嵌入核，但不具备氨基取代侧链。对前三种化合物的染色和显带行为进行比较表明，导致显带的初始步骤可能是染色体中核蛋白位点的置换。通过用二甲胺溶液处理染色体标本，可实验性地阻断Q带和G带。这一结果可能表明这些位点具有较弱的碱性蛋白质（非组蛋白？）。化合物IV分子中没有侧链，但具有相同的嵌入发色团，使用它不会导致显带，这间接支持了这一假设。化合物IV和喹吖因联合使用可能有助于区分总DNA和显带DNA。
