van Coeverden de Groot H A
S Afr Med J. 1979 Sep 29;56(14):547-52.
In the period 1953 - 1977 there were 223 maternal deaths among 291 800 patients delivered in hospitals under the aegis of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Cape Town. A sudden decrease in the maternal mortality rate to below 100/100,000 deliveries occurred in 1956, largely due to the greater use of the obstetric 'flying squad'. Since 1975 maternal mortality rates have been available for the various ethnic groups. For the period 1975 - 1977 the rates were 69/100,000 for Blacks, 40/100,000 for Coloureds and 27/100000 for Whites. Of the deaths, 48% occurred in women aged 21 - 30 years and 29% in those aged 35 years or more. While 28% of deaths were associated with the first pregnancy, grand multiparity (parity 5 or more) accounted for 39%. Nearly half of the patients who died were unbooked. The 7 commonest causes (grouped) of maternal deaths (obstetric as well as non-obstetric) were, in rank order: proteinuric hypertension, haemorrhage, cardiac disease, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, trauma and anaesthetic complications. Proteinuric hypertension is the most important obstetric problem in Cape Town, in terms of numbers of patients, maternal and perinatal deaths, and socio-economic implications for the community. Slightly more than 33% of the infants whose mothers died also succumbed. Major avoidable factors associated with maternal deaths were booking status, grand multiparity, cardiac disease and late or incorrect use of the 'flying squad'.
1953年至1977年期间，在开普敦大学妇产科管理的医院中分娩的291800名患者中有223例孕产妇死亡。1956年孕产妇死亡率突然降至每10万例分娩低于100例，这主要归功于产科“飞行小队”的更多使用。自1975年以来，已有不同种族群体的孕产妇死亡率数据。1975年至1977年期间，黑人的死亡率为每10万例69例，混血儿为每10万例40例，白人为每10万例27例。在死亡病例中，48%发生在21至30岁的女性中，29%发生在35岁及以上的女性中。虽然28%的死亡与首次怀孕有关，但多产（产次为5次或更多）占39%。近一半死亡的患者未登记。孕产妇死亡（包括产科和非产科原因）的7个最常见原因按顺序排列为：蛋白尿性高血压、出血、心脏病、肺栓塞、败血症、创伤和麻醉并发症。就患者数量、孕产妇和围产期死亡以及对社区的社会经济影响而言，蛋白尿性高血压是开普敦最重要的产科问题。母亲死亡的婴儿中略多于33%也死亡。与孕产妇死亡相关的主要可避免因素是登记状态、多产、心脏病以及“飞行小队”的使用过晚或不当。
