Van Dijk H, Bloksma N, Rademaker P M, Schouten W J, Willers J M
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1979;1(4):285-92. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(79)90004-3.
The effects of corticosterone and hydrocortisone on the thymus, the pituitary--adrenal axis, delayed hypersensitivity, the corticosterone plasma level and the numbers of circulating nucleated and monocytic cells were investigated in the mouse. Short-term effects within 48 h after one or two corticoid injections and late effects 7 days after a regimen of 4 corticoid injections were discerned. In short-term experiments hydrocortisone was more active than corticosterone upon the induction of leukopenia and monocytopenia and the inhibition of delayed hypersensitivity. However, regarding late effects and the short-term effect on adrenal weight, corticosterone far exceeded hydrocortisone in activity. Our results could be explained by assuming two feedback-inhibition systems for glycocorticoids. The first, likely to be responsible for the changes observed for the adrenal weight and the numbers of ciruclating white cells after a single glucocorticoid injection, was shown to be expressed in a soluble factor released in the blood stream tentatively designated "glucocorticoid inhibiting factor. The factor was more readily induced by hydrocortisone but displayed a greater specificity in inhibiting effects of corticosterone. The second feedback-inhibition system, responsible for increased numbers of circulating monocytes paralleled by an enhanced delayed hypersensitivity response, was expressed in a decreased corticosterone plasma level, most probably secondary to a diminished release of ACTH from the pituitary gland. With the glucocorticoid doses we used the second feedback-inhibition system was only triggered by the more physiological hormone, corticosterone.
研究了皮质酮和氢化可的松对小鼠胸腺、垂体 - 肾上腺轴、迟发型超敏反应、皮质酮血浆水平以及循环有核细胞和单核细胞数量的影响。观察了单次或两次注射皮质类固醇后48小时内的短期效应以及4次注射皮质类固醇方案7天后的晚期效应。在短期实验中，氢化可的松在诱导白细胞减少和单核细胞减少以及抑制迟发型超敏反应方面比皮质酮更具活性。然而，就晚期效应和对肾上腺重量的短期效应而言，皮质酮的活性远远超过氢化可的松。我们的结果可以通过假定糖皮质激素的两种反馈抑制系统来解释。第一种可能负责单次注射糖皮质激素后观察到的肾上腺重量变化和循环白细胞数量变化，被证明是由血液中释放的一种可溶性因子介导的，暂定名为“糖皮质激素抑制因子”。该因子更容易被氢化可的松诱导，但在抑制皮质酮作用方面具有更高的特异性。第二种反馈抑制系统负责循环单核细胞数量增加，同时迟发型超敏反应增强，表现为皮质酮血浆水平降低，这很可能是由于垂体促肾上腺皮质激素释放减少所致。在我们使用的糖皮质激素剂量下，第二种反馈抑制系统仅由更具生理性的激素皮质酮触发。
