Mendelson R A, Huber A M
Curr Alcohol. 1979;7:39-48.
It is postulated that in the fetus trace element alternations secondary to maternal alcohol ingestion contribute to fetal alcohol syndrome. Female Charles River CD rats were given a semi-synthetic diet through two pregnancies. Half of the animals received 6% ethanol (v/v) in their drinking water. The animals were divided into the following groups: Control group received the diet ad lib, alcohol group received the diet and alcohol ad lib, pair fed group received a diet isocaloric with the alcohol group, and the alcohol + ZnMg group received the basal diet with added magnesium, zinc and alcohol. On the twenty-first day of gestation animals were sacrificed and iron, copper, zinc and magnesium measured in maternal and fetal tissues by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results indicated significantly reduced fetal zinc in the alcohol group while copper and iron levels were increased. In maternal tissues, only the femur was affected. Zinc and magnesium were significantly reduced (p < 0.01) while iron was increased (p < 0.01). The observed effects were not due to reduced food intake. The expected changes in tissue zinc and magnesium were prevented by diets fortified with these minerals. These results are consistant with our hypothesis that alcohol interferes with trace element metabolism during pregnancy and that diet can be manipulated to alter its effects.
据推测，母体摄入酒精导致的微量元素变化会致使胎儿酒精综合征。雌性查尔斯河CD大鼠在两次怀孕期间给予半合成饮食。一半动物的饮用水中含有6%乙醇（体积/体积）。动物被分为以下几组：对照组随意进食该饮食，酒精组随意进食该饮食并饮用酒精，配对喂养组进食与酒精组热量相等的饮食，酒精+锌镁组进食添加了镁、锌和酒精的基础饮食。在妊娠第21天处死动物，通过原子吸收分光光度法测量母体和胎儿组织中的铁、铜、锌和镁。结果表明，酒精组胎儿锌显著减少，而铜和铁水平升高。在母体组织中，仅股骨受到影响。锌和镁显著减少（p<0.01），而铁增加（p<0.01）。观察到的影响并非由于食物摄入量减少。添加这些矿物质的饮食可防止组织锌和镁出现预期变化。这些结果与我们的假设一致，即酒精会干扰孕期微量元素代谢，且可通过调整饮食来改变其影响。
