Murray J B
Genet Psychol Monogr. 1977 Aug;96(First Half):3-74.
Advances in physiological psychology and neuroendocrinology, together with epidemiological studies, have added new dimensions to psychosomatic research. Psychological influences still are accepted as exacerbators or trigger mechanisms, if less often as causes. Theories of psychosomatics which connected specific personality profiles with specific psychosomatic illnesses have lost favor, and multifactorial explanations, which include heredity, environment, social class, life stress, endocrines, brain areas, neurohormones, and immunological mechanisms, are new areas of research. Research methods have become more sophisticated scientifically, particularly in the selection and size of samples tested, and the variety of situations investigated. Psychological reactions to illness in general, terminal disease, and death, and psychological experiences of pain, in addition to variable effects of psychotherapeutic methods and psychotherapists' personality, are identifiable but unquantified influences which seem acceptable as contributors to, if not causes of, psychophysiological disorders.
生理心理学和神经内分泌学的进展，以及流行病学研究，为身心研究增添了新的维度。心理影响仍然被视为加剧因素或触发机制，即便作为病因的情况较少。将特定人格特征与特定身心疾病联系起来的身心理论已失宠，而包括遗传、环境、社会阶层、生活压力、内分泌、脑区、神经激素和免疫机制在内的多因素解释成为了新的研究领域。研究方法在科学上变得更加复杂，尤其是在测试样本的选择和规模以及所研究情况的多样性方面。除了心理治疗方法和心理治疗师个性的可变影响外，对疾病（一般疾病、绝症和死亡）的心理反应以及疼痛的心理体验，是可识别但未量化的影响因素，这些因素即便不是心理生理障碍的病因，似乎也可被视为促成因素。
