Selwyn B J
Am J Public Health. 1978 Mar;68(3):231-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.68.3.231.
A case-comparison study was carried out in 1972 to determine the characteristics of users and nonusers of child health services. A sample of 529 mothers with children under five years of age (eligible children) residing in one poor barrio in Cali, Colombia was selected. The characteristics of mothers and their eligible children were described in relation to their use or nonuse of health services and a set of indicators was develop which differentiated the nonuser group from the user group. A two-stage sampling technique was used. First, blocks in the barrio were sampled, and second, an equal number of mothers with eligible children who used and who did not use services in the year prior to the study were selected for interview. Nonusers were matched with users on distance from home to local health center. The set of indicators which best discriminated the groups was: the number of eligible children, age of mother, access to free medical care, the action proneness score (attitudes), and knowledge of health, illness, and services. The study method permitted identification of the target population for services, determination of current patterns of use, and quantification of morbidity and immunization levels.
1972年开展了一项病例对照研究，以确定儿童健康服务使用者和非使用者的特征。在哥伦比亚卡利一个贫困街区，选取了529名有五岁以下子女（符合条件的儿童）的母亲作为样本。描述了母亲及其符合条件的子女在使用或不使用健康服务方面的特征，并制定了一组指标，用以区分非使用者组和使用者组。采用了两阶段抽样技术。首先，对街区的各个区域进行抽样，其次，选择同等数量的在研究前一年使用和未使用服务的有符合条件子女的母亲进行访谈。非使用者与使用者按照从家到当地医疗中心的距离进行匹配。最能区分这两组的指标集包括：符合条件的子女数量、母亲年龄、获得免费医疗服务的机会、行动倾向得分（态度）以及对健康、疾病和服务的了解程度。该研究方法有助于确定服务的目标人群，确定当前的使用模式，并对发病率和免疫水平进行量化。
