Averback P, Wiglesworth F W
Teratology. 1978 Apr;17(2):143-50. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420170206.
An anatomic and radiologic study of a normal and acardius twinning with a single placenta is presented with literature review. The fetus was unusually well-developed with an almost normal skeletal and brain formation, a normal genito-urinary tract, and an absence of liver, spleen, lungs, and pancreas. The heart was absent but the great arteries, single aorta, and veins were present. The placentation is described as funiculopagous with insertio funiculi furcata, fusion, forking and interpositio velamentosa, and the latter may account for the fusion of the two circulations in this instance with the possibility that the heart was never present. The present and other observations of funiculopagous twins with two amniotic sacs suggest that the forked cord twin anomaly may occur earlier than generally recognized.
本文通过文献回顾，对单胎盘的正常胎儿与无心畸形双胎进行了解剖学和放射学研究。该胎儿发育异常良好，骨骼和脑部形成几乎正常，泌尿生殖道正常，但无肝脏、脾脏、肺和胰腺。心脏缺失，但存在大动脉、单一主动脉和静脉。胎盘着床被描述为脐带附着，伴有脐带分叉插入、融合、分叉和帆状胎盘插入，后者可能是导致本例中两个循环融合的原因，也有可能心脏从未存在。目前对有两个羊膜囊的脐带附着双胎的观察以及其他观察结果表明，分叉脐带双胎畸形可能比普遍认为的发生得更早。
