Newton J E, Chapin J L
Pavlov J Biol Sci. 1978 Jan-Mar;13(1):22-8. doi: 10.1007/BF03005153.
Previous studies have shown that most food-deprived genetically nervous pointer dogs fail to learn a bar-pressing response for food reward and those which do learn are erratic in bar-pressing compared to genetically normal pointer dogs which usually learn rapidly and perform well. Benzodiazepine drugs facilitate learning and performance of the responses in nervous dogs. The present study aimed at finding whether a stronger drive producing state, such as water deprivation, would facilitate learning and performance in even severely nervous dogs. Eight normal line and 7 nervous line dogs successfully learned to perform well a paddle-pressing response which activates a valve releasing water into a drinking pan. One disturbing dog of each line did not learn successfully. Behavior shaping was about as easy and as rapid in nervous line dogs as in normals. Nervous line dogs tended to be as consistent in responding. However, response rates of nervous line dogs averaged about two-thirds those of normal line dogs, the slowed rate of responses being taken up mostly in excessive, rather stereotyped, licking of the water pan. Response rates correlated well with degree of nervousness as measured on independent well standardized behavior tests. This behavior seems to add another dimension to the characterization of the nervousness of these "spooky" pointer dogs.
先前的研究表明,大多数食物匮乏的遗传性神经质指示犬无法学会为获取食物奖励而按压杠杆的反应,而那些学会的犬在按压杠杆时也表现得很不稳定,相比之下,遗传性正常的指示犬通常学习速度快且表现良好。苯二氮䓬类药物有助于神经质犬学习并做出反应。本研究旨在探究更强的驱力产生状态,如缺水,是否能促进即使是严重神经质的犬的学习和表现。8只正常品系犬和7只神经质品系犬成功学会了很好地做出按压踏板的反应,该反应会启动一个阀门,将水释放到饮水盘中。每个品系各有一只捣乱的犬没有成功学会。在神经质品系犬中进行行为塑造与在正常犬中一样容易且迅速。神经质品系犬在反应上往往同样具有一致性。然而,神经质品系犬的反应速率平均约为正常品系犬的三分之二,反应速率减慢主要表现为过度且较为刻板地舔饮水盘。反应速率与通过独立且标准化良好的行为测试所测得的神经质程度密切相关。这种行为似乎为这些“神经质”指示犬的神经质特征增添了另一个维度。