Shatkay A
Biophys J. 1968 Aug;8(8):912-9. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(68)86528-2.
Individual ion activities were calculated for Ca(2+) in pure solutions of CaCl(2) and in mixtures of CaCl(2) with MgCl(2) and with NaCl, using different conventions to obtain gamma(Ca2+). The results were compared with potentiometric measurements, using calcium specific electrodes. It is found that significant differences should be obtained for emf's using the different conventions, when ionic strength is greater than 0.5. The experimental results obtained for ionic strengths up to 0.2 favor slightly the direct use of gamma(+/-CaCl2), but are fairly consistent also with the use of the Guggenheim and the MacInnes conventions.
在氯化钙的纯溶液以及氯化钙与氯化镁和氯化钠的混合溶液中，使用不同的惯例来获得钙离子活度系数（γ(Ca2+)），从而计算单个离子的活度。使用钙特异性电极，将结果与电位测量值进行比较。研究发现，当离子强度大于0.5时，使用不同惯例得出的电动势会有显著差异。对于高达0.2的离子强度所获得的实验结果，略微倾向于直接使用γ(+/-CaCl2)，但与使用古根海姆（Guggenheim）惯例和麦金尼斯（MacInnes）惯例也相当一致。
