Shalter M D
Z Tierpsychol. 1978 Jun;47(2):173-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1978.tb01828.x.
A surprisingly high proportion (42%) of breeding pied flycatchers failed to mob a stuffed pygmy owl placed near the nests. To determine whether the range of effective stimulus objects eliciting mobbing could be extended in these "non-mobbers", a live owl, resembling the ineffective dummy in nearly all static owl traits, was briefly exposed. It evoked strong mobbing from all birds, as did the stuffed specimen on a subsequent presentation. The role of experience with live predators and the effect of labile properties of the latter on the mobbing response are discussed.
令人惊讶的是，有相当高比例（42%）的繁殖期斑姬鹟未能对放置在巢穴附近的填充侏儒猫头鹰模型发起驱赶行为。为了确定在这些“不驱赶者”中，引发驱赶行为的有效刺激物范围是否可以扩大，一只活猫头鹰被短暂展示，这只活猫头鹰在几乎所有静态猫头鹰特征上都与无效的模型相似。它引发了所有鸟类的强烈驱赶行为，随后展示填充标本时也是如此。本文讨论了与活捕食者的经验作用以及后者的不稳定特性对驱赶反应的影响。
