Hyde J S, Arora N V, Kumar C M, Moore B S
Ann Allergy. 1978 Oct;41(4):216-9.
The etiologic role of atopy in chronic rhinitis in 40 infants and pre-school children was investigated and the long-term effectiveness and safety of promethazine studied during six to 48 months. Twenty children were clearly atopic and 16 were not. Four had incomplete laboratory evidence of atopy. In addition to clinical histories and physical findings, the subjects were evaluated by skin tests for common allergens. RAST tests, total IgE levels and absolute eosinophil counts. Promethazine in doses of 3 to 12 mg/kg/day (mean 8 mg) was administered in divided doses, four times a day for perennial rhinitis and on "as required" basis for recurrent and seasonal rhinitis. Side effects included drowsiness and irritability, which led to discontinuance of promethazine in one subject. There was no laboratory evidence of hematologic, renal or hepatic abnormalities. Promethazine was found to be an effective agent for symptom-control of chronic rhinitis in the pre-school child.
对40名婴儿和学龄前儿童慢性鼻炎中特应性的病因作用进行了调查,并研究了异丙嗪在6至48个月期间的长期有效性和安全性。20名儿童有明确的特应性,16名儿童没有。4名儿童有不完全的特应性实验室证据。除了临床病史和体格检查结果外,还通过常见变应原皮肤试验、放射性变应原吸附试验(RAST)、总IgE水平和绝对嗜酸性粒细胞计数对受试者进行评估。异丙嗪剂量为3至12mg/kg/天(平均8mg),分剂量给药,每日4次用于常年性鼻炎,“按需”用于复发性和季节性鼻炎。副作用包括嗜睡和易怒,导致1名受试者停用异丙嗪。没有血液学、肾脏或肝脏异常的实验室证据。发现异丙嗪是控制学龄前儿童慢性鼻炎症状的有效药物。