Schneider R C
Clin Neurosurg. 1978;25:57-95. doi: 10.1093/neurosurgery/25.cn_suppl_1.57.
Three case histories of patients with large tumors in the posterior fossa who were operated on in a sitting position subsequently developed 1 or more symptoms referable to the temporoparietooccipital regions of the brain 24 to 48 hours postoperatively. Initially, it was believed that such symptoms were due to a stimulation of the association pathways causing firing of remote association areas (See Ch. 4). Subsequent studies of the rotation of blood vessels of the brain in the developing embryo and a review of the anatomical location of the arteries supplying the temporoparietooccipital region led to the conclusion that some compromise of the posterior cerebral artery was responsible for the symptoms. The symptomatology in these brain tumor patients was not unlike that seen in the cosmonauts and astronauts in space flight, designated as "motion sickness" in the space literature. A suggestion was made as to clarification of the definitions. This author advocated that the term "motion sickness" be confined to those symptoms of dizziness, nausea, and vomiting, due to involvement of the peripheral end organ, the inner ear. "Space sickness" might include these symptoms but also might have the addition of disorientation or the inversion of image in space and formed or unformed hallucinations. These relate to the temporoparietooccipital area, the midtemporal, and the occipital regions. In such instances, there must be central involvement or a stimulation of this interpretive cortex of the brain. The remote symptoms from the supratentorial cotex were believed to be due to hypoxia related to the posterior cerebral artery compromise, resulting in delayed "luxury perfusion" and the development of local lactic acidosis. Transaxial transmission of force with an uncal tentorial herniation causing compression of the posterior cerebral artery was suggested as a mechanism responsible for the vascular compression.
三例后颅窝巨大肿瘤患者在坐位下行手术，术后24至48小时出现了1种或更多与脑颞顶枕区相关的症状。最初，人们认为此类症状是由于联合通路受到刺激，导致远处联合区放电（见第4章）。随后对发育中胚胎脑血管旋转的研究以及对供应颞顶枕区动脉解剖位置的回顾得出结论，大脑后动脉的某些损伤是导致这些症状的原因。这些脑肿瘤患者的症状与太空飞行中的宇航员所出现的症状并无不同，在太空文献中被称为“晕动病”。有人提出了关于明确定义的建议。本文作者主张，“晕动病”一词应仅限于因外周终末器官（内耳）受累而出现的头晕、恶心和呕吐等症状。“太空病”可能包括这些症状，但也可能还伴有定向障碍或空间图像倒置以及成形或不成形的幻觉。这些与颞顶枕区、颞中区和枕区有关。在这种情况下，必然存在中枢受累或对大脑这一解释性皮质的刺激。幕上皮质的远处症状被认为是由于大脑后动脉损伤导致的缺氧，从而引起延迟性“过度灌注”和局部乳酸酸中毒。经轴力传递伴钩回小脑幕疝导致大脑后动脉受压被认为是血管受压的一种机制。
