Young J Z
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1976 Mar 18;274(930):101-67. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1976.0041.
A well-marked hierarchy of centres can be recognized within the suboesophageal lobes and ganglia of the arms. The inputs and outputs of each lobe are described. There are sets of motoneurons and intermediate motor centres, which can be activated either from the periphery or from above. They mostly do not send fibres up to the optic or higher motor centres. However, there is a large set of fibres running from the magnocellular lobe to all the basal supraoesophageal lobes. The centre for control of the four eye-muscle nerves in the anterior lateral pedal lobe receives many fibres direct from the statocyst and from the peduncle and basal lobes, but none direct from the optic lobe. The posterior lateral pedal is a backward continuation of the oculomotor centre, containing large cells that may be concerned in initiating attacks by the tentacles. An intermediate motor centre in the posterior pedal lobe probably controls steering. It sends fibres to the funned and head retractors, and by both direct and interrupted pathways to the fin lobe. It receives fibres from the crista nerve and basal lobes, but none direct from the optic lobe. The jet control centre of the ventral magnocellular lobe receives fibres from the statocyst and skin and also from the optic and basal lobes. Some of these last also give extensive branches throughout the palliovisceral lobes. The branching patterns of the dendritic collaterals differ in the various lobes. Some estimates are given of the numbers of synaptic points. The dendritic collaterals of the motoneurons spread through large volumes of neuropil and they overlap. The incoming fibres spread widely and each presumably activates many motoneurons either together or serially. Many of the lobes contain numerous microneurons with short trunks restricted to the lobe, but there are none of these cells in the chromatophore lobes or fin lobes. The microneurons have only few dendritic collaterals, in contrast to the numerous ones on the nearby motoneurons.
在食管下叶和腕神经节内可以识别出一个标记清晰的神经中枢层级结构。描述了每个叶的输入和输出。存在运动神经元组和中间运动中枢，它们可以从外周或从上方被激活。它们大多不向上向视觉或更高的运动中枢发送纤维。然而，有大量纤维从大细胞叶延伸到所有基食管上叶。前外侧足叶中控制四条眼肌神经的中枢直接从平衡囊、柄节和基叶接收许多纤维，但没有直接从视叶接收的纤维。后外侧足叶是动眼神经中枢的向后延续，包含可能与触发触手攻击有关的大细胞。后足叶中的一个中间运动中枢可能控制转向。它向鳍状肌和头部收缩肌发送纤维，并通过直接和间接途径向鳍叶发送纤维。它从嵴神经和基叶接收纤维，但没有直接从视叶接收的纤维。腹侧大细胞叶的喷射控制中枢从平衡囊、皮肤以及视叶和基叶接收纤维。其中一些最后也在整个内脏叶广泛分支。树突侧支的分支模式在不同叶中有所不同。给出了一些突触点数量的估计。运动神经元的树突侧支散布在大量神经毡中并相互重叠。传入纤维广泛分布，每个纤维大概一起或连续激活许多运动神经元。许多叶包含大量微神经元，其短轴突局限于该叶，但色素细胞叶或鳍叶中没有这些细胞。与附近运动神经元上众多的树突侧支相比，微神经元只有很少的树突侧支。
