Musher D M, Fainstein V, Young E J, Pruett T L
Arch Intern Med. 1979 Nov;139(11):1225-8. doi: 10.1001/archinte.139.11.1225.
Fever patterns were studied prospectively in 200 consecutive patients referred for infectious disease consultation and retrospectively in 204 patients with selected infectious or noninfectious diseases. Most patients had remittent or intermittent fever, which, when due to infection, usually followed diurnal variation. Hectic fever occurred less commonly but was observed in patients with all categories of infectious or noninfectious diseases. Although hectic fevers were seen more frequently in patients who had documented bacteremia, there were many nonbacteremic subjects who had this pattern and others without this pattern who had bacteremia. Sustained fever nearly always occurred in patients with Gram-negative pneumonia or CNS damage, although some patients with these diseases had other patterns as well. Our data suggest that, with the possible exception of sustained fever in Gram-negative pneumonia or CNS damage, the fever pattern is not likely to be helpful diagnostically.
对连续200例因感染性疾病会诊而转诊的患者进行了前瞻性发热模式研究，并对204例患有特定感染性或非感染性疾病的患者进行了回顾性研究。大多数患者有弛张热或间歇热，若由感染引起，通常遵循昼夜变化规律。稽留热较少见，但在各类感染性或非感染性疾病患者中均有观察到。虽然稽留热在有菌血症记录的患者中更常见，但也有许多无细菌血症的患者有这种热型，还有一些有细菌血症的患者没有这种热型。持续发热几乎总是发生在革兰氏阴性菌肺炎或中枢神经系统损伤的患者中，尽管这些疾病的一些患者也有其他热型。我们的数据表明，除革兰氏阴性菌肺炎或中枢神经系统损伤导致的持续发热外，发热模式在诊断上可能并无帮助。
