Connolly C K
Br J Dis Chest. 1979 Oct;73(4):357-66.
Diurnal patterns of variation in peak expiratory flow rate were studied in patients with all types of airway obstruction. Most regular patterns fall into one of two types: morning dip (M) with the lowest reading in the morning and (P) or double dip with the lowest readings morning and evening. Regular patterns were most frequently seen in asthmatics, but occurred also in bronchitis, particularly those with a history of wheeze. Treatment with bronchodilators reduces the prevalence of all regular patterns but does not abolish them. M pattern is characteristic of asthma but P pattern is the most frequent regular pattern seen in bronchitis. Amplitude of variation is greater in asthmatics than in simple bronchitis. It is reduced by about 20% with bronchodilators. Random observation of magnitude of response of peak flow rate to a bronchodilators is not a good indicator of amplitude of variation over the day. Because of the occurrence of a peak pattern in many patients the magnitude of diurnal variation may be underestimated by twice-daily peak flow rate readings. Treatment with corticosteroids does not appear strongly to influence either characteristic patterns or amplitude of variation.
对各类气道阻塞患者的呼气峰值流速的昼夜变化模式进行了研究。大多数规律模式可分为两种类型之一：晨降型（M），早晨读数最低；或双峰型（P），早晨和晚上读数最低。规律模式在哮喘患者中最为常见，但在支气管炎患者中也会出现，尤其是有喘息病史的患者。使用支气管扩张剂治疗可降低所有规律模式的发生率，但并不能消除它们。M型是哮喘的特征，但P型是支气管炎中最常见的规律模式。哮喘患者的变化幅度大于单纯支气管炎患者。使用支气管扩张剂后，变化幅度会降低约20%。随机观察峰值流速对支气管扩张剂的反应大小并不是一天中变化幅度的良好指标。由于许多患者出现峰值模式，每日两次的峰值流速读数可能会低估昼夜变化幅度。使用皮质类固醇治疗似乎对特征模式或变化幅度没有强烈影响。
