Forssmann W G, Orci L, Pictet R, Renold A E, Rouiller C
J Cell Biol. 1969 Mar;40(3):692-715. doi: 10.1083/jcb.40.3.692.
The authors of this study examine the question of whether the so-called enterochromaffin or argentaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract should be considered as a single cell type. The systematic application of purely morphologic methods has led to the conclusion that the epithelium of the gastrointestinal mucosa comprises endocrine cells of several types. This conclusion is primarily based on the uneven and characteristic distribution of the various cell types along the intestinal tract, an observation precluding the interpretation that the different types correspond to diverse functional stages of the same cell. A specific endocrine function may be attributed to each of the given cell types recognized so far on account of their appearance and their localization in characteristic areas of the gastrointestinal tract. It is acknowledged, however, that a purely morphological study leaves room for doubt. The first cell type is probably responsible for the formation of 5-hydroxytryptamine. Cells of type II are morphologically comparable to the pancreatic A cells and may, therefore, be called intestinal A cells. Cell type III comprises intestinal D cells since their appearance corresponds to that of pancreatic D cells. Cell type IV might well be responsible for catecholamine production, whereas gastrin is in all probability produced in endocrine cell type V. As yet, the thorough morphological study of the gastrointestinal epithelium does not provide information as to additional distinct cellular sites of production of the several other hormones isolated from different parts of the gut.
本研究的作者探讨了胃肠道中所谓的肠嗜铬细胞或嗜银细胞是否应被视为单一细胞类型这一问题。纯粹形态学方法的系统应用得出结论，胃肠道黏膜上皮由几种类型的内分泌细胞组成。这一结论主要基于不同细胞类型在肠道内分布不均且具有特征性这一观察结果，该观察结果排除了不同类型细胞对应同一细胞不同功能阶段的解释。鉴于目前已识别出的每种特定细胞类型的外观及其在胃肠道特征区域的定位，可将特定的内分泌功能归因于它们。然而，人们承认，纯粹的形态学研究仍存在疑问。第一种细胞类型可能负责5-羟色胺的形成。II型细胞在形态上与胰腺A细胞相似，因此可称为肠A细胞。III型细胞包括肠D细胞，因为它们的外观与胰腺D细胞相似。IV型细胞很可能负责儿茶酚胺的产生，而胃泌素很可能是由V型内分泌细胞产生的。迄今为止，对胃肠道上皮的深入形态学研究并未提供有关从肠道不同部位分离出的其他几种激素的额外独特细胞产生部位的信息。
