Reker U
Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1977 Mar 8;215(1):25-34. doi: 10.1007/BF00463188.
It is frequently taken for granted that the acoustically evoked stapedius reflex is bilaterally symmetrical. Contrary to this, Møller described an asymmetry of the acoustic stapedius reflex with an ipsilaterally 2--14 dB lower threshold. The determination of normal values of the ipsilateral acoustic stapedius reflex threshold with a large number of patients is difficult as the intensity of the stimulus depends considerably on the position of the probe in the acoustic meatus and is therefore not defined with sufficient accuracy. For this reason we determined the values of the ipsilateral threshold by applying a stimulus sound of high intensity to the deaf ear of unilaterally completely deaf patients with a normal headphone, which can be calibrated much more accurately. After subtraction of the individual cross hearing loss, the exact ipsilateral intensity was obtained. By this method a stapedius reflex could be evoked with 49 of the 62 patients. By mathematical consideration of the data of the positive cases, as well as the maximum available intensities with the negative cases, determination of the median value of the ipsilateral threshold was possible: at 0.5 kHz 59 dB; at 1kHz 62.5 dB; at 2 kHz 67 dB; at 4 kHz approx. 67 dB. The difference between ipsilateral and contralateral stapedius reflex threshold was in the range of 15 dB. A new definition of the normal value for the ipsilateral measured Metz recruitment appears necessary.
人们常常想当然地认为,听觉诱发的镫骨肌反射是双侧对称的。与此相反,莫勒描述了听觉镫骨肌反射的不对称性,其同侧阈值低2 - 14分贝。由于刺激强度在很大程度上取决于探头在耳道中的位置,因此难以用大量患者来确定同侧听觉镫骨肌反射阈值的正常值,其准确性不足。因此,我们通过使用普通耳机向单侧完全失聪患者的患耳施加高强度刺激声来确定同侧阈值的值,这种耳机可以更精确地校准。减去个体的交叉听力损失后,得到了准确的同侧强度。用这种方法,62例患者中有49例能引出镫骨肌反射。通过对阳性病例数据以及阴性病例的最大可用强度进行数学分析,可以确定同侧阈值的中值:在0.5千赫时为59分贝;在1千赫时为62.5分贝;在2千赫时为67分贝;在4千赫时约为67分贝。同侧和对侧镫骨肌反射阈值之间的差异在15分贝范围内。有必要对同侧测量的梅茨重振正常值进行新的定义。