Specific vector control methods for prevention and eradication of malaria in Israel.

Wide-scale antimalaria activities have been continuously carried out in Israel since 1918. Regular checking and tracing of Anopheles provided important information on the seasonal appearance, life habits, flight range and population density of the malaria vectors. This method enabled us at any time to assess the degree of malaria risk and the effectiveness of the control measures taken. Specific methods of vector control were applied in accordance with the bionomy of the various Anophelines transmitting malaria. No resistance of local malaria vectors to DDT was found in 1961, probably due to the general use of larvicides not containing residual insecticides (including DDT) and the mode of indoor DDT application; spraying in selected localities and special timing in accordance with the bionomy of the local vectors. The relation between the changed status of the various Anopheles vectors and changes in the epidemiology of primary malaria cases in the course of time is also described. Malaria eradication in Israel was practically achieved in 1962.