Doege T C, Gelfand H M
JAMA. 1978 Jan 23;239(4):328-30.
Health sciences students should understand the fundamentals of epidemiologic methods that can lead to major advances in the treatment of disease. To this end, the research process is defined and a three-dimensional model that considers some basic elements of epidemiologic research--time, place, and strategy--is described. The strategies available to the investigator (descriptive, analytic, and experimental) and the possible time frames (retrospective, concurrent, and prospective) are illustrated in terms of field investigations that involve problems of infection, nutrition, dysplasia, metabolism, and cancer. It is believed that epidemiologic studies, no matter where they are performed, have certain features in common, especially those related to the elements of strategy and time.
健康科学专业的学生应该理解流行病学方法的基本原理，这些原理能够推动疾病治疗取得重大进展。为此，定义了研究过程，并描述了一个考虑流行病学研究的一些基本要素——时间、地点和策略——的三维模型。通过涉及感染、营养、发育异常、代谢和癌症问题的现场调查，说明了研究者可用的策略（描述性、分析性和实验性）以及可能的时间框架（回顾性、同期性和前瞻性）。人们认为，流行病学研究无论在何处进行，都有某些共同特征，尤其是那些与策略和时间要素相关的特征。
