Black R E, Jackson R J, Tsai T, Medvesky M, Shayegani M, Feeley J C, MacLeod K I, Wakelee A M
N Engl J Med. 1978 Jan 12;298(2):76-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197801122980204.
In September and October, 1976, an outbreak of illness due to chocolate milk contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica resulted in hospitalization of 36 children, 16 of whom had appendectomies. Infection with Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:8 was demonstrated in 38 ill persons. Sixty-one per cent of the persons who were infected had a titer greater than 1:160 OH agglutinins to serotype 8 yersinia, whereas 48 per cent of the hospitalized children had a fourfold change in agglutinin titer. An epidemiologic investigation demonstrated that illness was associated with drinking of chocolate milk purchased in school cafeterias, and Y. enterocolitica 0:8 was subsequently isolated from the milk. The investigation suggested that the bacterium was introduced at the dairy during the mixing by hand of chocolate syrup with previously pasteurized milk.
1976年9月和10月，一起因巧克力牛奶被小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌污染而引发的疾病暴发，导致36名儿童住院，其中16人接受了阑尾切除术。在38名患病者中证实感染了小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌0:8血清型。61%的感染者对8型耶尔森菌的OH凝集素滴度大于1:160，而48%的住院儿童凝集素滴度有四倍变化。一项流行病学调查表明，疾病与饮用在学校食堂购买的巧克力牛奶有关，随后从牛奶中分离出了小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌0:8。调查显示，这种细菌是在奶制品厂手工将巧克力糖浆与先前已巴氏杀菌的牛奶混合过程中引入的。
