Thyberg J, Moskalewski S, Friberg U
J Cell Sci. 1977;27:183-98. doi: 10.1242/jcs.27.1.183.
The effects of 2 microtubular-disruptive drugs, colchicine and vinblastine, on the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced blast transformation and mitogenic stimulation of human lymphocytes were studied. Both drugs markedly inhibited cell growth and DNA synthesis and lowered the mitotic index. No microtubules were seen with the electron microscope in cells treated with PHA plus colchicine or vinblastine. Moreover, the PHA-induced development of all organelles was partially inhibited by these drugs, especially that of the Golgi complex. As compared to cells treated with PHA alone, the dictyosomes were fewer, not so clearly localized in one area of the cytoplasm, and contained a decreased number of cisternae and an increased number of vacuoles. These results indicate that cytoplasmic microtubules play an important role in the PHA-induced blast transformation and mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes. It is suggested that the microtubules function in the structural organization of the cell and particularly the Golgi complex. In the drug-induced absence of microtubules this and other organelle systems do not respond as usual to PHA stimulation, which could largely explain the decreased cell growth. This in turn suggests that lowered mitotic activity is a result of inhibition of cell growth, as a critical amount of G1-associated cell growth is believed to be required for the initiation of DNA synthesis and thus mitosis.
研究了两种微管破坏药物秋水仙碱和长春碱对植物血凝素（PHA）诱导的人淋巴细胞的原始细胞转化和有丝分裂刺激的影响。两种药物均显著抑制细胞生长和DNA合成，并降低有丝分裂指数。在经PHA加秋水仙碱或长春碱处理的细胞中，电子显微镜下未见微管。此外，这些药物部分抑制了PHA诱导的所有细胞器的发育，尤其是高尔基体的发育。与仅用PHA处理的细胞相比，高尔基体的潴泡较少，在细胞质的一个区域定位不那么明显，且潴泡数量减少，空泡数量增加。这些结果表明，细胞质微管在PHA诱导的淋巴细胞原始细胞转化和有丝分裂刺激中起重要作用。提示微管在细胞尤其是高尔基体的结构组织中发挥作用。在药物诱导的无微管情况下，高尔基体和其他细胞器系统对PHA刺激的反应不如正常，这在很大程度上可以解释细胞生长的降低。这反过来表明有丝分裂活性降低是细胞生长受抑制的结果，因为据信DNA合成及因此有丝分裂的启动需要一定量与G1期相关的细胞生长。
