Pfefferbaum A, Darley C F, Tinklenberg J R, Roth W T, Kopell B S
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1977 Dec;165(6):381-6. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197712000-00003.
Sixteen college-educated male subjects were tested on free-recall lists during intoxication with marijuana extract calibrated to 0.3 mg/kg delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and during placebo conditions. On each testing day subjects studied six lists using a regular overt rehearsal procedure and six lists using an association-overt rehearsal procedure in which they were to rehearse alound both list items and associations to those items. Both marijuana and the association-rehearsal procedure reduced the number of correct recalls and increased the number of intrusions (nonlist items which were incorrectly recalled as having been on the list to be learned). The intrusions were divided into three categories: a) words found on prior lists; b) associates spoken during the rehearsal; or c) totally new works not previously mentioned. Marijuana significantly increased the number of new intrusions; the association-rehearsal procedure did not. This result suggests that one of the effects of marijuana on cognitive functions in humans is to increase the number of intrusive thoughts and this may be the mechanism involved in some of the thought disorder observed with marijuana intoxication.
16名受过大学教育的男性受试者在服用校准至0.3毫克/千克Δ-9-四氢大麻酚的大麻提取物致醉期间以及安慰剂条件下，接受了自由回忆列表测试。在每个测试日，受试者使用常规的公开复述程序学习六个列表，并使用联想-公开复述程序学习六个列表，在该程序中，他们要大声复述列表项目以及与这些项目的联想。大麻和联想复述程序都减少了正确回忆的数量，并增加了侵入（错误回忆为已在要学习的列表上的非列表项目）的数量。侵入被分为三类：a）先前列表中出现的单词；b）复述期间说出的联想词；或c）以前未提及的全新单词。大麻显著增加了新侵入的数量；联想复述程序则没有。这一结果表明，大麻对人类认知功能的影响之一是增加侵入性思维的数量，这可能是大麻中毒时观察到的一些思维障碍所涉及的机制。
