Collins F M, Mackaness G B, Blanden R V
J Exp Med. 1966 Oct 1;124(4):601-19. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.4.601.
Salmonella enteritidis is highly virulent for the mouse causing an infection resembling mouse typhoid. Survivors of the infection are completely resistant to reinfection and eliminate a large challenge dose of virulent organisms within 72 hr. The antigenically related Salmonella gallinarum was almost avirulent for the mouse but animals vaccinated with this organism were equally capable of eliminating a lethal dose of virulent S. enteritidis. Living Salmonella pullorum, on the other hand, was quickly eliminated from the tissues of normal mice. Vaccination with this organism failed to evoke an effective bactericidal mechanism. Alcohol-killed vaccines of these three Salmonellae all produced an increase in blood clearance rate, but gave only marginal protection against S. enteritidis. Liver and spleen counts on these mice revealed a 1 to 2 day delay before any net increase in the total bacterial population could be observed. Immunization of mice with increasing doses of living Salmonella montevideo resulted in progressively greater killing of a challenge dose of S. enteritidis despite the absence of common somatic antigens between the two strains. The degree of protection varied with the size of the residual population of S. montevideo in the vaccinated mice. The significance of these findings in assessing the importance of various factors involved in the development of acquired resistance to Salmonella infections is discussed.
肠炎沙门氏菌对小鼠具有高度致病性，可引发类似鼠伤寒的感染。感染后的幸存者对再次感染具有完全抵抗力，并能在72小时内清除大量具有强毒力的病菌。抗原相关的鸡沙门氏菌对小鼠几乎无毒，但用该菌接种的动物同样能够清除致死剂量的强毒力肠炎沙门氏菌。另一方面，活的鸡白痢沙门氏菌能迅速从正常小鼠的组织中清除。用该菌接种未能引发有效的杀菌机制。这三种沙门氏菌的酒精灭活疫苗均能提高血液清除率，但对肠炎沙门氏菌仅提供了微弱的保护。对这些小鼠的肝脏和脾脏计数显示，在观察到细菌总数有任何净增加之前，有1至2天的延迟。用递增剂量的活蒙得维的亚沙门氏菌对小鼠进行免疫，尽管这两种菌株之间不存在共同的菌体抗原，但仍能对挑战剂量的肠炎沙门氏菌产生逐渐增强的杀灭作用。保护程度随接种小鼠体内蒙得维的亚沙门氏菌残留菌量的大小而变化。本文讨论了这些发现对于评估参与获得性抗沙门氏菌感染抵抗力发展的各种因素的重要性的意义。
