Hajra A K, Bowen D M, Kishimoto Y, Radin N S
J Lipid Res. 1966 May;7(3):379-86.
The galactoside bond in cerebroside was found to be cleaved by an enzyme in rat and pig brain. Emulsified stearoyl-(14)C psychosine was used as the substrate and the extent of cleavage was studied by isolating and counting the stearoyl sphingosine (ceramide) formed. The reaction products, ceramide and galactose, were characterized by column and thin-layer chromatography. Cerebroside containing galactose-(3)H was also used to show liberation of galactose. Cholic acid was found to be required for activation of the enzyme, which has a pH optimum of 4.5. Similar cerebrosidase activity was found in spleen, kidney, and lung of rat; liver and heart showed very slight activity. The partially purified enzyme from pig brain also formed ceramide from ceramide lactoside, ceramide glucoside, and cerebronoyl psychosine. The enzyme was active toward o-nitrophenyl galactoside and could be fractionated by Sephadex chromatography into a fraction active toward the nitrophenyl galactoside only and a fraction active toward both this substrate and ceramide galactoside. Human spleen, normal and Gaucher, exhibited cerebrosidase activity.
发现大鼠和猪脑中的一种酶可裂解脑苷脂中的半乳糖苷键。以乳化的硬脂酰 -（14）C 鞘氨醇半乳糖苷为底物，通过分离并计数生成的硬脂酰鞘氨醇（神经酰胺）来研究裂解程度。反应产物神经酰胺和半乳糖通过柱色谱和薄层色谱进行表征。含半乳糖 -（3）H 的脑苷脂也用于显示半乳糖的释放。发现激活该酶需要胆酸，其最适 pH 为 4.5。在大鼠的脾脏、肾脏和肺中发现了类似的脑苷脂酶活性；肝脏和心脏显示出非常微弱的活性。从猪脑部分纯化的酶也能从神经酰胺乳糖苷、神经酰胺葡萄糖苷和脑酰基鞘氨醇半乳糖苷生成神经酰胺。该酶对邻硝基苯基半乳糖苷有活性，并且可以通过葡聚糖凝胶色谱分离成仅对硝基苯基半乳糖苷有活性的部分和对该底物及神经酰胺半乳糖苷均有活性的部分。人正常脾脏和高雪氏病脾脏均表现出脑苷脂酶活性。
