在必需脂肪酸缺乏症发展过程中，性别和性腺激素对大鼠血浆脂质的影响。

Effect of sex and gonadal hormones on rat plasma lipids during the development of an essential fatty acid deficiency.

作者信息

Lyman R L, Ostwald R, Bouchard P, Shannon A

出版信息

Biochem J. 1966 Feb;98(2):438-50. doi: 10.1042/bj0980438.

DOI:10.1042/bj0980438

PMID:5941338

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1264863/

Abstract

Male, female and castrated rats treated with oestradiol (30mug./week) or testosterone (2mg./week) were given an essential fatty acid-deficient diet containing 10% of hydrogenated coconut oil for 9 weeks. The concentrations and fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids, cholesteryl esters and triglycerides were determined. 2. Between the second and third weeks of the deficiency, concentrations of plasma cholesteryl esters, phospholipids and triglycerides decreased, then remained relatively constant. There were no significant differences between males and females, but oestradiol caused a significant rise in plasma phospholipids and triglycerides as compared with testosterone-treated animals. 3. During the first 2 weeks of the deficiency, linoleic acid in the plasma lipids of all groups decreased to low concentrations and changed very little thereafter. 4. Female rats maintained higher percentages and concentrations of arachidonic acid and stearic acid in plasma phospholipids and arachidonic acid in cholesteryl esters than did males. Males had higher proportions of eicosatrienoic acid and oleic acid. There was no sex difference in the fatty acid composition of plasma triglycerides. 5. Oestradiol-treated rats had concentrations of cholesteryl and phospholipid arachidonate comparable with those of female rats and higher than the testosterone-treated group. Eicosatrienoic acid in the oestradiol-treated rats was high and resembled that of the male rats, apparently because of the higher concentration of plasma phospho lipids in this group. 6. Supplementation of the essential fatty acid-deficient rats with linoleate restored plasma cholesteryl and phospholipid linoleate and arachidonate nearly to normal concentrations in a single day. The increase in arachidonic acid in these fractions was accompanied by a similar quantitative decrease in eicosatrienoic acid. 7. These sex differences appear to be related to the smaller size of the female rat and to a more direct influence of oestradiol on the formation or maintenance of phospholipids rich in arachidonic acid.

摘要

给雄性、雌性和去势大鼠每周注射雌二醇（30μg）或睾酮（2mg），并给予含10%氢化椰子油的必需脂肪酸缺乏饮食，持续9周。测定血浆磷脂、胆固醇酯和甘油三酯的浓度及脂肪酸组成。2. 在缺乏饮食的第二至三周期间，血浆胆固醇酯、磷脂和甘油三酯的浓度下降，然后保持相对稳定。雄性和雌性之间无显著差异，但与睾酮处理的动物相比，雌二醇使血浆磷脂和甘油三酯显著升高。3. 在缺乏饮食的前两周内，所有组血浆脂质中的亚油酸浓度降至低水平，此后变化很小。4. 雌性大鼠血浆磷脂中花生四烯酸和硬脂酸的百分比和浓度以及胆固醇酯中花生四烯酸的百分比和浓度均高于雄性大鼠。雄性大鼠中二十碳三烯酸和油酸的比例较高。血浆甘油三酯的脂肪酸组成无性别差异。5. 雌二醇处理的大鼠胆固醇酯和磷脂花生四烯酸的浓度与雌性大鼠相当，高于睾酮处理组。雌二醇处理的大鼠中二十碳三烯酸含量高，与雄性大鼠相似，显然是因为该组血浆磷脂浓度较高。6. 给必需脂肪酸缺乏的大鼠补充亚油酸酯，可在一天内使血浆胆固醇酯和磷脂亚油酸酯及花生四烯酸酯几乎恢复到正常浓度。这些组分中花生四烯酸的增加伴随着二十碳三烯酸类似的定量减少。7. 这些性别差异似乎与雌性大鼠体型较小以及雌二醇对富含花生四烯酸的磷脂形成或维持的更直接影响有关。