Section on Nutritional Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, North Bethesda, MD, USA.
University Information Technology Services, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
J Nutr. 2020 Dec 10;150(12):3123-3132. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa307.
PUFAs play vital roles in the development, maintenance, and functioning of circuitries that regulate reward and social behaviors. Therefore, modulations in PUFA concentrations of these brain regions may disrupt reward and social circuitries contributing to mood disorders, developmental disabilities, and addictions. Though much is known about regional and phospholipid-pool-specific PUFA concentrations, less is known about the effects of dietary interventions that concurrently lowers n-6 PUFA and supplements n-3 PUFA, on brain PUFA concentrations. There is even less knowledge on the effects of sex on brain PUFA concentrations.
This study aimed to comprehensively examine the interaction effects of diet (D), sex (S), brain regions (BR), and phospholipid pools (PL) on brain PUFA concentrations.
Male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed 1 of 4 custom-designed diets varying in linoleic acid (LNA) (8 en% or 1 en%) and eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) (0.4 en% or 0 en%) concentrations from in utero to 15 weeks old. At 15 weeks old, the prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum, and cerebellum were collected. Fatty acids of 5 major PL were quantified by GC-flame ionization detection. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for differences among the groups for D, S, BR, and PL.
No significant 4-way interactions on PUFA concentrations. DHA, predominant n-3 PUFA, concentrations were dependent on significant D × BR × PL interactions. DHA concentration was not affected by sex. Arachidonic acid (ARA; predominant n-6 PUFA) concentrations were not dependent on 3-way interactions. However, significant 2-way D × PL, BR × PL, and D × Sinteractions affected ARA concentrations. Brain fatty acid concentrations were differentially affected by various combinations of D, S, BR, and PL interactions.
Though DHA concentrations are not affected by sex, ARA concentrations are affected by interactions of the 4 variables examined. This study provides comprehensive references in the investigation of complex interactions between factors that affect brain PUFA concentrations in mice.
多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）在调节奖励和社会行为的回路的发育、维持和功能中起着至关重要的作用。因此，这些脑区 PUFAs 浓度的调制可能会破坏奖励和社会回路，导致情绪障碍、发育障碍和成瘾。尽管人们对区域和磷脂池特异性 PUFAs 浓度了解很多，但对同时降低 n-6 PUFAs 并补充 n-3 PUFAs 的饮食干预对大脑 PUFAs 浓度的影响知之甚少。关于性别对大脑 PUFAs 浓度的影响，知识就更少了。
本研究旨在全面研究饮食（D）、性别（S）、脑区（BR）和磷脂池（PL）对大脑 PUFAs 浓度的相互作用影响。
雄性和雌性 C57BL/6J 小鼠从子宫内到 15 周龄时分别喂食 4 种定制饮食中的 1 种，这 4 种饮食中分别含有不同浓度的亚油酸（LNA）（8%或 1%）和二十碳五烯酸/二十二碳六烯酸（EPA/DHA）（0.4%或 0%）。在 15 周龄时，采集前额皮质、背侧纹状体和小脑。通过 GC-火焰离子化检测定量 5 种主要 PL 的脂肪酸。采用重复测量方差分析检验各组之间的 D、S、BR 和 PL 的差异。
PUFAs 浓度无显著的 4 向相互作用。DHA（主要的 n-3 PUFAs）浓度依赖于显著的 D×BR×PL 相互作用。性别对 DHA 浓度没有影响。花生四烯酸（ARA；主要的 n-6 PUFAs）浓度不受 3 向相互作用的影响。然而，D×PL、BR×PL 和 D×S 的显著 2 向相互作用影响 ARA 浓度。大脑脂肪酸浓度受到 D、S、BR 和 PL 相互作用的各种组合的不同影响。
尽管 DHA 浓度不受性别影响，但 ARA 浓度受所检查的 4 个变量的相互作用影响。本研究为研究影响小鼠大脑 PUFAs 浓度的因素之间的复杂相互作用提供了全面的参考。
