Active transport of D-xylose in the isolated small intestine of the bullfrog.

Fluxes of D-xylose-1-C(14) (xylose) across the wall of the isolated intestine of the bullfrog were studied. When sodium was the principal cation in the mucosal bathing fluid, the transport rate of xylose from the mucosa to the serosa was about 5 times greater than the transport rate from the serosa to the mucosa, indicating an active intestinal transport for this sugar. With potassium as the principal cation on the mucosal side, the transport rate of xylose from the mucosal to the serosal compartment is reduced about 5 to 6 times without appreciable change in the serosal to mucosal transport. The asymmetry was also considerably reduced when ouabain was added to the mucosal and serosal compartments. The data confirm the in vitro and in vivo observations indicating active transport of xylose and are also in accord with the earlier findings that active transport of sugars in the intestine is dependent upon the presence of sodium ions in the mucosal compartment and is inhibited by cardioactive steroids. Since the chemical constitution of xylose does not meet the requirements which were hitherto considered necessary for active transport of sugars in the intestine, this structural requirement has to be revised.