Lawson D M
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1977;85B:547-68. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9038-5_35.
A counterbalanced within-subjects design was employed to assess the acute effects of alcohol ingestion on thirst and fluid intake and to relate these effects to the dehydration known to result from acute ingestion of alcohol. Fourteen male nonalcoholic social drinkers between the ages of 18 and 30 consumed 0.8 gm of alcohol/kg body weight during one experimental session and a placebo (0.05 gm/kg) of equal volume during the other. During the 90-minute drinking period and for one hour both before and afterward, urine specimens were collected. After the drinking period, blood alcohol levels and unobstrusive measures of ad lib drinking were recorded. In addition, subjects rated their degree of thirst three times during each session. Analyses of variance indicated that alcohol significantly increased both fluid intake and urine output, and decreased urine specific gravity. Moreover, thirst ratings were also significantly greater after alcohol than after placebo and fluid intake after alcohol was significantly correlated with prior measures of fluid balance, mean urine specific gravity, peak blood alcohol level and thirst. The implications of these results for the loss of control in alcoholism are discussed and a new theoretical account of the phenomenon is proposed.
采用平衡的被试内设计来评估酒精摄入对口渴和液体摄入量的急性影响，并将这些影响与已知由急性摄入酒精导致的脱水联系起来。14名年龄在18至30岁之间的男性非酒精性社交饮酒者在一个实验时段内摄入0.8克酒精/千克体重，在另一个时段摄入等体积的安慰剂（0.05克/千克）。在90分钟的饮水期以及前后各一小时内，收集尿液样本。饮水期结束后，记录血液酒精水平和随意饮水的无干扰测量值。此外，受试者在每个时段对其口渴程度进行三次评分。方差分析表明，酒精显著增加了液体摄入量和尿量，并降低了尿比重。此外，饮酒后口渴评分也显著高于服用安慰剂后，且饮酒后的液体摄入量与先前的液体平衡测量值、平均尿比重、血液酒精峰值水平和口渴程度显著相关。讨论了这些结果对酒精中毒失控现象的影响，并提出了对该现象的一种新的理论解释。
