Laitinen S
Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1977;66(6):304-10.
The effects of paraoesophageal structures and vagotomy on lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) function were studied in the dog using modern oesophageal manometric technique. The isolation of the gastro-oesophageal junction from surrounding structures by a stiff-walled Silastic-tube led to a slight decrease in LOS pressure, but the difference was not statistically significant. LOS response to abdominal compression also decreased slightly, but the difference was without statistical significance. Bilateral transabdominal, transthoracic and cervical vagotomy did not produce any marked changes in resting LOS pressure, whereas a statistically significant decrease in LOS response to abdominal compression occurred after each type of vagotomy. The results suggest that the mechanism intrinsic to the gastro-oesophageal junction, the LOS, is mainly responsible for the maintenance of gastro-oesophageal competence, and the effect of extrinsic paraoesophageal structures is of minor importance. The vagus nerves apparently have no major role in the maintenance of resting LOS pressure. LOS response to increased intra-abdominal pressure seems to represent a genuine increase in LOS tone, to which extrinsic mechanical factors add only a small contribution. This response seems to be mediated by a vagal reflex arc, the afferent part of which has its origin below the diaphragm.
利用现代食管测压技术，在犬身上研究了食管旁结构和迷走神经切断术对食管下括约肌（LOS）功能的影响。用硬壁硅橡胶管将胃食管交界处与周围结构隔离开来，导致LOS压力略有下降，但差异无统计学意义。LOS对腹部加压的反应也略有下降，但差异无统计学意义。双侧经腹、经胸和颈部迷走神经切断术并未使静息LOS压力产生任何明显变化，而每种类型的迷走神经切断术后，LOS对腹部加压的反应均出现统计学上的显著下降。结果表明，胃食管交界处即LOS的内在机制主要负责维持胃食管的正常功能，而食管旁外在结构的作用较小。迷走神经显然在维持静息LOS压力方面没有主要作用。LOS对腹内压升高的反应似乎代表LOS张力的真正增加，外在机械因素对其贡献较小。这种反应似乎是由迷走神经反射弧介导的，其传入部分起源于横膈膜下方。
