Sarto G E
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1977;15(2):189-92. doi: 10.1002/j.1879-3479.1977.tb00674.x.
Cyclically administered estrogen helps prevent and treat vasomotor symptoms and atrophic changes in the genitourinary tracts of postmenopausal women. Administering exogenous estrogen may also help prevent postmenopausal bone loss and help treat severe postmenopausal osteoporosis. Although recent studies have indicated an association between estrogen replacement therapy and endometrial carcinoma, a true cause-and-effect relationship has not been established. Thus, estrogen replacement therapy should be administered carefully, considering the risk/benefit ration for each individual, and should use the smallest dose necessary to achieve the desired effect. If irregular bleeding occurs before or during estrogen administration, a complete gynecologic examination (including a histologic examination of the endometrium) is mandatory.
周期性给予雌激素有助于预防和治疗绝经后女性的血管舒缩症状以及泌尿生殖道的萎缩性变化。给予外源性雌激素还可能有助于预防绝经后骨质流失，并有助于治疗严重的绝经后骨质疏松症。尽管最近的研究表明雌激素替代疗法与子宫内膜癌之间存在关联，但尚未确立真正的因果关系。因此，应谨慎给予雌激素替代疗法，考虑每个个体的风险/获益比，并应使用达到预期效果所需的最小剂量。如果在给予雌激素之前或期间出现不规则出血，必须进行全面的妇科检查（包括子宫内膜组织学检查）。
