Bone R C, Lerner S, Stetschulte D, Murphy E, Wolfe J, Sobonya R
Microcirc Endothelium Lymphatics. 1984 Jun;1(3):365-77.
Acid pneumonitis was produced in 18 dogs by the tracheal instillation of 3 ml/kg 0.1 N hydrochloric acid. Arterial and mixed venous oxygen tension, static compliance and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were measured during a 2-hour observation period. Plasma histamine (measured by the enzymatic isotopic assay) increased from 1.7 +/- 0.2 ng/ml (mean +/- SE) before acid injury to 13.5 +/- 1.9 ng/ml after injury (p less than 0.05). In one group of 7 control dogs, 3 ml/kg of normal saline produced no increase in plasma histamine. Pulmonary edema secretions from acid injured animals had a histamine level of 30.3 +/- 3.8 ng/ml and slow reacting substance was detected in 7 of 11 animals. The slow reacting substance was an antihistamine-resistant, ethanol extractable substance that contracted guinea pig ileum. Lung weight-body weight ratio PaO2, and static compliance were different with acid pneumonitis compared to controls. Total protein was not different in the tracheal secretions compared to plasma. We conclude that histamine and slow reacting substance are released in this animal model of acid pneumonitis and may be important in the pathogenesis of the lung injury.
通过向18只犬气管内滴注3 ml/kg的0.1 N盐酸制备酸性肺炎。在2小时的观察期内测量动脉血氧分压、混合静脉血氧分压、静态顺应性和肺毛细血管楔压。血浆组胺（通过酶同位素分析法测定）从酸损伤前的1.7±0.2 ng/ml（平均值±标准误）增加到损伤后的13.5±1.9 ng/ml（p<0.05）。在一组7只对照犬中，3 ml/kg的生理盐水未使血浆组胺增加。酸性损伤动物的肺水肿分泌物组胺水平为30.3±3.8 ng/ml，11只动物中有7只检测到慢反应物质。慢反应物质是一种抗组胺、可被乙醇提取的物质，能使豚鼠回肠收缩。与对照组相比，酸性肺炎时肺重与体重之比、动脉血氧分压和静态顺应性有所不同。气管分泌物中的总蛋白与血浆相比无差异。我们得出结论，在这种酸性肺炎动物模型中组胺和慢反应物质被释放，可能在肺损伤的发病机制中起重要作用。
