Tan K S, Roth S H
Neuropharmacology. 1984 Jun;23(6):683-9. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(84)90151-5.
This study demonstrates the effects of micromolar concentrations of copper on the discharge firing activity of the isolated crayfish stretch receptor. Different pharmacological profiles of action were obtained with the divalent (cupric) and monovalent (cuprous) salt solutions. Cupric solutions produced a concentration-dependent triphasic effect (depression-excitation-depression); in contrast, a monophasic effect (depression) was produced by cuprous solutions. The effectiveness of copper chelators, in reversing these effects, were compared with normal physiological solution. Only the first phase of the effects of cupric were partially reversed with physiological solution or ethylenediamine tetraammonium (EDTA). In the presence of D-penicillamine and triethylene tetramine (trien), all phases of the effects of both cuprous and cupric salts were completely restored to control values. In addition, copper was shown to be the most neurotoxic divalent cation examined. The results demonstrate that effects of copper on neuronal activity are dependent on time, concentration and valency state.
本研究证明了微摩尔浓度的铜对离体小龙虾伸展感受器放电活动的影响。使用二价（铜离子）和一价（亚铜离子）盐溶液获得了不同的药理学作用模式。铜离子溶液产生浓度依赖性的三相效应（抑制-兴奋-抑制）；相反，亚铜离子溶液产生单相效应（抑制）。将铜螯合剂逆转这些效应的有效性与正常生理溶液进行了比较。只有铜离子效应的第一阶段被生理溶液或乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）部分逆转。在D-青霉胺和三亚乙基四胺（trien）存在的情况下，亚铜离子和铜离子盐效应的所有阶段都完全恢复到对照值。此外，铜被证明是所检测的最具神经毒性的二价阳离子。结果表明，铜对神经元活动的影响取决于时间、浓度和价态。
