Johnson M, Goad S, Canada B
J Nurs Educ. 1984 Nov;23(9):387-92.
One way to address the increasingly critical shortage of nurses in the health care system is to recruit more men into nursing. To do so effectively one must understand the attitudes that potential male recruits have toward nursing as a career. This investigation was undertaken to determine differences in attitudes toward nursing as a career held by men in various majors. The Attitudes Toward Nursing Scale (ATNS), developed by the investigators, was used to measure five categories of attitudes toward selecting nursing as a career frequently cited in the literature. A sample of 247 male non-nursing and 94 male nursing community college students completed the scale. Analysis of demographic variables revealed that the nursing students were more likely to be older, married, and have military corpsman experience than were the non-nursing students. Additional statistical analysis revealed that communication majors (i.e., English, Drama, Speech) were most similar and mathematics majors were least similar to nursing majors in various attitudes. Also, a substantial percentage of non-nursing majors were potential recruits for nursing in that they indicated interest in nursing as an alternative career. Recruitment of men into nursing programs will not solve the current shortage of nurses. However, men as a viable source should not be treated lightly. Recruitment efforts should focus on recognizing interested students, and recruiting those who have attitudes toward nursing as a career which are similar to those of nursing majors.
解决医疗保健系统中日益严重的护士短缺问题的一个方法是招募更多男性从事护理工作。要有效地做到这一点，必须了解潜在男性应征者对护理职业的态度。本次调查旨在确定不同专业男性对护理职业的态度差异。研究者开发的护理职业态度量表（ATNS）用于测量文献中经常提到的选择护理职业的五类态度。247名男性非护理专业和94名男性护理专业社区大学生完成了该量表。人口统计学变量分析显示，护理专业学生比非护理专业学生更有可能年龄较大、已婚且有军队医护兵经历。进一步的统计分析表明，在各种态度方面，传播学专业（即英语、戏剧、演讲）的学生与护理专业学生最为相似，而数学专业的学生与护理专业学生最不相似。此外，相当比例的非护理专业学生是护理专业的潜在应征者，因为他们表示对护理作为一种替代职业感兴趣。招募男性进入护理专业并不能解决当前护士短缺的问题。然而，男性作为一个可行的来源不应被轻视。招募工作应侧重于识别感兴趣的学生，并招募那些对护理职业的态度与护理专业学生相似的人。
