Seppäläinen A M
Neurotoxicology. 1984 Fall;5(3):43-52.
Lead encephalopathy is more usual in children and has rarely been observed in adults. Peripheral neuropathy on the other hand is of more common occurrence among adults with occupational lead exposure, and has been extensively studied with electrophysiological methods. Although encephalopathy often manifests itself with generalized seizures, usual electroencephalographic (EEG) findings have been diffuse slow wave abnormalities. Paroxysmal abnormalities either focal or generalized spikes and/or sharp waves have been detected in some patients. Evoked potential studies have lately been applied to children or adults with a relatively low level of lead exposure, and minor dose-dependent differences have appeared in comparison to control groups. Subclinical signs of peripheral neuropathy have been detected among human subjects with various levels of lead exposure. Nerve conduction velocities of lead workers have been generally lower, although the means have been within normal limits. Some authors have shown clear correlations between measures of lead exposure and nerve conduction velocities indicating an exposure--effect relationship.
铅中毒性脑病在儿童中更为常见，在成人中很少见。另一方面，周围神经病变在有职业性铅接触的成人中更为常见，并且已经用电生理方法进行了广泛研究。虽然脑病常表现为全身性惊厥，但脑电图（EEG）的常见表现为弥漫性慢波异常。在一些患者中检测到阵发性异常，无论是局灶性还是全身性棘波和/或锐波。诱发电位研究最近已应用于铅暴露水平相对较低的儿童或成人，与对照组相比出现了微小的剂量依赖性差异。在不同铅暴露水平的人群中已检测到周围神经病变的亚临床体征。铅作业工人的神经传导速度一般较低，尽管平均值在正常范围内。一些作者已经表明铅暴露测量值与神经传导速度之间存在明显的相关性，表明存在暴露-效应关系。
