Treatment of cancer pain.

Undertreatment of cancer pain results not only from the limited expectations of patients but also from the inadequate knowledge of many physicians. Successful management of this pain requires awareness of the importance of emotional factors and detailed knowledge of various treatment options. When indicated, analgesic drugs should be administered according to a regular schedule and in sufficient dose to prevent the emergence of pain. Psychological techniques including supportive psychotherapy, relaxation training, hypnosis, and the hospice milieu may contribute to a comprehensive approach to pain. Likewise, psychotropic drugs including phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressants may be useful adjuncts when administered along with appropriate analgesic medication. Although most pain associated with advanced cancer may be relieved by currently available methods, research in this area is urgently needed.