Ganda O P
Diabetes Care. 1981 May-Jun;4(3):435-42. doi: 10.2337/diacare.4.3.435.
The pancreatic islet hormone secretion is modulated by one or more gastrointestinal peptides ("gut-factor") secreted in response to various types of ingested nutrients. Among a number of postulated candidates for the putative "gut-factor", the gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) has recently emerged as a most likely enteric signal of physiologic import, although its precise role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus remains incompletely understood. During the past decade, an avalanche of knowledge has accumulated regarding a number of peptide agents common to the gastro-enteric-pancreatic system and the nervous system. Preliminary evidence indicates a potential role of several of these peptides in the pathophysiology of diabetes. For instance, cholecystokinin and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) may be importantly involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety control and the development of obesity whereas somatostatin, "endorphins", and neurotensin may directly or indirectly modulate islet hormone secretion. Finally the significance of the recently demonstrated presence of insulin and glucagon or glicentin-like peptides in the brain requires close scrutiny.
胰岛激素分泌受一种或多种因摄入各种营养物质而分泌的胃肠肽（“肠因子”）调节。在众多假定的“肠因子”候选物中，胃抑制多肽（GIP）最近已成为一种极有可能具有生理重要性的肠信号，尽管其在糖尿病病理生理学中的精确作用仍未完全明了。在过去十年中，关于胃肠胰系统和神经系统共有的多种肽类物质积累了大量知识。初步证据表明其中几种肽在糖尿病病理生理学中具有潜在作用。例如，胆囊收缩素和人胰多肽（hPP）可能在食欲调节、饱腹感控制及肥胖症发生中起重要作用，而生长抑素、“内啡肽”和神经降压素可能直接或间接调节胰岛激素分泌。最后，最近在大脑中发现胰岛素、胰高血糖素或胰高血糖素样肽的意义需要密切关注。
